Scientific results
CEA
Tuesday 06 November 2007
What are the mechanisms underpinning tolerance in transplantation?
What mechanisms come into play in graft acceptance? Why do grafts sometimes function well, and why, other times, are they rejected? These are questions to which the I²BM’s Blood Immunology Research Department (the SRHI) is searching for answers. The team recently described the mechanisms of action involved in graft tolerance1.
What are the mechanisms underpinning tolerance in transplantation?
What mechanisms come into play in graft acceptance? Why do grafts sometimes function well, and why, other times, are they rejected? These are questions to which the I²BM’s Blood Immunology Research Department (the SRHI) is searching for answers. The team recently described the mechanisms of action involved in graft tolerance1.
Blood, (2007) (in press)
CEA
Tuesday 25 September 2007
Brain imaging reveals the mechanisms involved in the transition from unconscious to conscious
A joint CEA-Inserm team from NeuroSpin , working in tandem with the CNRS, has focused research towards the transition between unconscious and conscious perception. The team has published a study in the 25th September issue of PLoS Biology showing that conscious perception, which culminates in visual conscience, is achieved at around 270 milliseconds after a flashed stimulus, and that it is preceded by several unconscious neuronal stages characterized in detail by the research team.
Brain imaging reveals the mechanisms involved in the transition from unconscious to conscious
A joint CEA-Inserm team from NeuroSpin , working in tandem with the CNRS, has focused research towards the transition between unconscious and conscious perception. The team has published a study in the 25th September issue of PLoS Biology showing that conscious perception, which culminates in visual conscience, is achieved at around 270 milliseconds after a flashed stimulus, and that it is preceded by several unconscious neuronal stages characterized in detail by the research team.
Plos Biology, (2007) EOP Sept.25.
CEA
Thursday 23 August 2007
Quantification in vivo par IRM des lésions de la maladie d'Alzheimer
Possibles évaluations de nouveaux traitements contre la maladie d'Alzheimer...
Quantification in vivo par IRM des lésions de la maladie d'Alzheimer
Possibles évaluations de nouveaux traitements contre la maladie d'Alzheimer...
Magn Reson Med. 58(1):179-184.
CEA
Wednesday 01 August 2007
Weaker hemisphere-governed specificity for language in schizophrenia patients
A joint CEA-CNRS team from the centre for neurosciences and imaging-based research against disease (I²BM-CI-NAPS), working with Caen University, Paris V University and Caen University Hospital, has used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to make a recent breakthrough demonstrating that a change in the hemisphere lateralization1 of language in right-handed schizophrenic patients is persistent over time2.
Weaker hemisphere-governed specificity for language in schizophrenia patients
A joint CEA-CNRS team from the centre for neurosciences and imaging-based research against disease (I²BM-CI-NAPS), working with Caen University, Paris V University and Caen University Hospital, has used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to make a recent breakthrough demonstrating that a change in the hemisphere lateralization1 of language in right-handed schizophrenic patients is persistent over time2.
Biol Psychiatry. 1;57(9):1020-1028
CEA
Tuesday 31 July 2007
Reading - is it really cultural?
To gain a better understanding of the brain mechanisms involved in deciphering words, letters…
Reading - is it really cultural?
To gain a better understanding of the brain mechanisms involved in deciphering words, letters…
Neuron (2007) 55 :143-156.
CEA
Monday 09 July 2007
synaesthesia, or when images come by surprise…
To gain further insight into the various forms of synaesthesia and the cognitive phenomena involved
synaesthesia, or when images come by surprise…
To gain further insight into the various forms of synaesthesia and the cognitive phenomena involved
Nature Neuroscience (2007) 10 : 671-672 ; Current psychiatry reports (2007) 9 : 193-199
CEA
Monday 09 July 2007
Targeting the astrocyte to promote neuron survival
At the Orsay-based Frédéric Joliot Hospital Service (SHFJ), researchers from a joint-run CEA-CNRS team (DSV/ I²BM/MIRCen) working in partnership with a Swiss team has been able to characterize the mechanisms of action of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF)1, a therapeutic candidate for the treatment of Huntington’s disease. These results underline the beneficial role of CNTF-activated astrocytes2, which display functional modifications that promote neuron survival. The work, which has been published in The Journal of Neuroscience, potentially opens up a new field of therapy for neurodegenerative disorders going beyond the neurons to also target astrocytes. [in press]
Targeting the astrocyte to promote neuron survival
At the Orsay-based Frédéric Joliot Hospital Service (SHFJ), researchers from a joint-run CEA-CNRS team (DSV/ I²BM/MIRCen) working in partnership with a Swiss team has been able to characterize the mechanisms of action of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF)1, a therapeutic candidate for the treatment of Huntington’s disease. These results underline the beneficial role of CNTF-activated astrocytes2, which display functional modifications that promote neuron survival. The work, which has been published in The Journal of Neuroscience, potentially opens up a new field of therapy for neurodegenerative disorders going beyond the neurons to also target astrocytes. [in press]
J Neurosci. 27(27) : 7094-7104
Tuesday 01 May 2007
Manic-depressive psychosis: hyperactive brain activity, even in remission
A joint CEA-Inserm study conducted at the Joliot Hospital Service has revealed that even in remission phase, patients with bipolar disorder, a mood disorder formerly known as manic-depressive psychosis, still present hyper-reactivity to emotional stimuli. A follow-on study conducted in these patients highlighted a higher density of white matter, which acts as the cabling that relays information between the two hemispheres of the brain. Both these studies have just been published, the first in the April 2007 issue of the American Journal of Psychiatry, the second in the May 2007 issue of Molecular Psychiatry.
Manic-depressive psychosis: hyperactive brain activity, even in remission
A joint CEA-Inserm study conducted at the Joliot Hospital Service has revealed that even in remission phase, patients with bipolar disorder, a mood disorder formerly known as manic-depressive psychosis, still present hyper-reactivity to emotional stimuli. A follow-on study conducted in these patients highlighted a higher density of white matter, which acts as the cabling that relays information between the two hemispheres of the brain. Both these studies have just been published, the first in the April 2007 issue of the American Journal of Psychiatry, the second in the May 2007 issue of Molecular Psychiatry.
Molecular Psychiatry 2007
Journal of Psychiatry 2007
CEA
Friday 27 April 2007
High-resolution PET brings great promise: initial trialing on the HRRT lens gives conclusive results
Challenges: to further extend our explorational capabilities and enable earlier detection of neurobiological changes in small, complex brain regions
High-resolution PET brings great promise: initial trialing on the HRRT lens gives conclusive results
Challenges: to further extend our explorational capabilities and enable earlier detection of neurobiological changes in small, complex brain regions
J Nucl Med. (2007) 48(4): 538-546.
CEA
Monday 23 April 2007
A novel radiotracer for imaging neuroinflammation
Challenges: to detect the precursor signs of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease as early as possible
A novel radiotracer for imaging neuroinflammation
Challenges: to detect the precursor signs of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease as early as possible
Journal of Nuclear Medicine (2007) 48(4) : 573-581.
CEA/ SHFJ
Thursday 05 April 2007
First complete simulation of a whole body human PET scan
The interpretation of data from positron emission tomography (PET), a medical imaging method increasingly used for examinations in hospitals, is still complex. To optimise data analysis and extract the most relevant physiological information from scans, researchers are working on digital simulation programmes to support PET. However, long computing times have held up progress in this area. CEA-SHFJ (Frédéric Joliot Hospital Service) has set up a simulation facility, called GATE , to model PET scans using the Tera 10 supercomputer located at CEA DAM at Bruyères-le-Châtel. The simulation made it possible to very realistically reproduce the distribution of a tracer used in PET for diagnosis in oncology in a very short time. This first simulation result should, in the medium term, allow a finer use of data provided by imaging and closer adjustment of scans to individual patients.
First complete simulation of a whole body human PET scan
The interpretation of data from positron emission tomography (PET), a medical imaging method increasingly used for examinations in hospitals, is still complex. To optimise data analysis and extract the most relevant physiological information from scans, researchers are working on digital simulation programmes to support PET. However, long computing times have held up progress in this area. CEA-SHFJ (Frédéric Joliot Hospital Service) has set up a simulation facility, called GATE , to model PET scans using the Tera 10 supercomputer located at CEA DAM at Bruyères-le-Châtel. The simulation made it possible to very realistically reproduce the distribution of a tracer used in PET for diagnosis in oncology in a very short time. This first simulation result should, in the medium term, allow a finer use of data provided by imaging and closer adjustment of scans to individual patients.
Communiqué de presse
CEA
Thursday 01 March 2007
Effector T-lymphocytes acts as suppressors following immunosuppressive HLA-G1 acquisition
The Saint-Louis Hospital Blood Immunology Research Department (I²BM/SRHI, CEA Fontenay-aux-Roses) has demonstrated that the HLA-G immunosuppressive molecule can be rapidly exchanged between antigen-presenting cells and effector T-lymphocytes during cell-cell interactions.
Effector T-lymphocytes acts as suppressors following immunosuppressive HLA-G1 acquisition
The Saint-Louis Hospital Blood Immunology Research Department (I²BM/SRHI, CEA Fontenay-aux-Roses) has demonstrated that the HLA-G immunosuppressive molecule can be rapidly exchanged between antigen-presenting cells and effector T-lymphocytes during cell-cell interactions.
Blood (2007) 109 :2040-2048